{"id":"01KFNR86Y219TCDQ1Q01EBRKET","cid":"bafkreify3erxhpcfl32n2nzwuq7xjdkgdmfpuwvc6scgtusm3gghwbemge","type":"chunk","properties":{"end_line":5738,"extracted_at":"2026-01-23T15:41:01.929Z","extracted_by":"structure-extraction-lambda","label":"Chunk 2","source_file":"01KFNR0Z394A878Y5AQ63MQEM2","start_line":5690,"text":"Be it known that, waiving all argument, I take the good old fashioned\r\nground that the whale is a fish, and call upon holy Jonah to back me.\r\nThis fundamental thing settled, the next point is, in what internal\r\nrespect does the whale differ from other fish. Above, Linnæus has given\r\nyou those items. But in brief, they are these: lungs and warm blood;\r\nwhereas, all other fish are lungless and cold blooded.\r\n\r\nNext: how shall we define the whale, by his obvious externals, so as\r\nconspicuously to label him for all time to come? To be short, then, a\r\nwhale is _a spouting fish with a horizontal tail_. There you have him.\r\nHowever contracted, that definition is the result of expanded\r\nmeditation. A walrus spouts much like a whale, but the walrus is not a\r\nfish, because he is amphibious. But the last term of the definition is\r\nstill more cogent, as coupled with the first. Almost any one must have\r\nnoticed that all the fish familiar to landsmen have not a flat, but a\r\nvertical, or up-and-down tail. Whereas, among spouting fish the tail,\r\nthough it may be similarly shaped, invariably assumes a horizontal\r\nposition.\r\n\r\nBy the above definition of what a whale is, I do by no means exclude\r\nfrom the leviathanic brotherhood any sea creature hitherto identified\r\nwith the whale by the best informed Nantucketers; nor, on the other\r\nhand, link with it any fish hitherto authoritatively regarded as\r\nalien.* Hence, all the smaller, spouting, and horizontal tailed fish\r\nmust be included in this ground-plan of Cetology. Now, then, come the\r\ngrand divisions of the entire whale host.\r\n\r\n*I am aware that down to the present time, the fish styled Lamatins and\r\nDugongs (Pig-fish and Sow-fish of the Coffins of Nantucket) are\r\nincluded by many naturalists among the whales. But as these pig-fish\r\nare a noisy, contemptible set, mostly lurking in the mouths of rivers,\r\nand feeding on wet hay, and especially as they do not spout, I deny\r\ntheir credentials as whales; and have presented them with their\r\npassports to quit the Kingdom of Cetology.\r\n\r\nFirst: According to magnitude I divide the whales into three primary\r\nBOOKS (subdivisible into CHAPTERS), and these shall comprehend them\r\nall, both small and large.\r\n\r\nI. THE FOLIO WHALE; II. the OCTAVO WHALE; III. the DUODECIMO WHALE.\r\n\r\nAs the type of the FOLIO I present the _Sperm Whale_; of the OCTAVO,\r\nthe _Grampus_; of the DUODECIMO, the _Porpoise_.\r\n\r\nFOLIOS. Among these I here include the following chapters:—I. The\r\n_Sperm Whale_; II. the _Right Whale_; III. the _Fin-Back Whale_; IV.\r\nthe _Hump-backed Whale_; V. the _Razor Back Whale_; VI. the _Sulphur\r\nBottom Whale_.\r\n\r","title":"Chunk 2"},"relationships":[{"peer":"01KFNR84A9QXWBKCWCK87YB232","peer_label":"32","peer_type":"chapter","predicate":"in"},{"peer":"01KFNR84A9QXWBKCWCK87YB232","peer_label":"32","peer_type":"chapter","predicate":"partOf"},{"peer":"01KFNR81RMVAX2BBMMBW51V97D","peer_label":"Moby Dick; Or, The Whale","peer_type":"novel","predicate":"partOf"},{"peer":"01KFNR0H0Q791Y1SMZWEQ09FGV","peer_label":"Moby Dick","peer_type":"collection","predicate":"collection"},{"peer":"01KFNR86VKF927P79B575NG5F9","peer_label":"Chunk 3","peer_type":"chunk","predicate":"next"},{"peer":"01KFNR86WY1GS47784ZHNK2KRV","peer_label":"Chunk 1","peer_type":"chunk","predicate":"prev"}],"ver":2,"created_at":"2026-01-23T15:41:02.430Z","ts":"2026-01-23T15:41:14.983Z","edited_by":{"method":"manual","user_id":"01KFF0H3YRP9ZSM033AM0QJ47H"}}